Bird Identification in Maryland Backyards and Beyond

Birding in Maryland is a treat, with over 400 species documented in the state. The diverse landscape, from coastlines to forests, provides a unique habitat for a wide range of bird species.

If you're new to birding, it's essential to start with the basics: learning to identify birds by their physical characteristics. The article highlights the importance of paying attention to a bird's beak shape and size, as well as its plumage patterns and colors.

One of the most common birds in Maryland is the American Robin, known for its distinctive red breast. This bird is a great starting point for beginners, as it's relatively easy to spot and identify.

The article also mentions the Baltimore Oriole, a bird that's native to Maryland and can be identified by its bright orange and black plumage.

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Bird Identification by Color is a great place to start. The American Robin, a common Maryland bird, has a distinctive red breast that's hard to miss.

The bright yellow color of the American Goldfinch is a dead giveaway, especially during the winter months when it's one of the only birds still sporting its vibrant plumage.

The Northern Cardinal's vibrant red color is a year-round feature, making it a standout in Maryland's bird population.

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Birds with bright red plumage are often seen in tropical regions, such as the Scarlet Tanager and the Summer Tanager.

Red birds like the Northern Cardinal are common visitors to backyard bird feeders, where they can be identified by their distinctive crest and vibrant red color.

Yellow birds are often associated with warm and sunny climates, as seen in the Yellow Warbler and the American Goldfinch.

The bright yellow color of the American Goldfinch is especially striking in the spring, when they molt into their vibrant breeding plumage.

Blue birds, like the Eastern Bluebird, are often seen in open areas with short grass, where they can be identified by their bright blue back and orange chest.

The bright blue color of the Western Bluebird is a bit darker than that of the Eastern Bluebird, and can be seen in more western regions of North America.

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The Northern Cardinal is a bird that's hard to miss, especially with its bright red feathers and distinctive crest, which looks like a mohawk on top of its head.

Males have a black mask that adds to their striking appearance.

Females, on the other hand, have duller colors and are more tawny brown with some reddish coloring.

Northern Cardinals are found throughout Maryland year-round.

They like to visit seed feeders, especially those that offer mixed seed blends and black sunflower seeds.

In fact, our suburban Maryland backyard is a favorite of Northern Cardinals, with several pairs hanging out all day every day.

They're especially active at dawn and dusk, and in the late afternoon, they join in for the "Cardinal Cocktail Hour" to feast on safflower seeds.

To attract Northern Cardinals to your yard, consider placing platform feeders in areas with some brush and trees or bushes about ten to thirty feet away, where they can land and check out the area before flying over to the feeders.

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The Indigo Bunting is a beautiful bird with a striking appearance. Its scientific name is Passerina cyanea.

These birds migrate at night, traveling from their wintering grounds in Mexico and southern Florida. They can be found throughout Maryland during the spring and summer.

Males are bright blue all over with some black on their wings, while females are mostly brown with just hints of blue. This coloring comes from the way their feathers reflect light rather than blue pigment.

Indigo Buntings can be found singing along the edges of fields and woods during the summer. They're not as common at feeders, but will sometimes visit if you offer mixed seed and nyjer.

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Ruby-Throated Hummingbirds are emerald-green on their backs, wings, and heads with white under-parts. Males have a bright ruby-red throat, while females lack this distinctive feature.

These hummingbirds are found throughout Maryland from Spring to Fall and are very common in backyards if you put out nectar feeders. In most cases, this should be done in April or May.

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Ruby-Throated Hummingbirds are generally the main hummingbirds found in Maryland, with only occasional sightings of rare wandering species. They can be very aggressive about defending their food sources from other hummingbirds, especially the males.

In Maryland, Ruby-Throated Hummingbirds typically show up in late April to sip nectar from garden flowers and sugar-water nectar from the hummingbird feeders.

Maryland is home to a diverse range of backyard birds, and knowing what to expect can make birdwatching a delight.

Some common birds you might spot in your Maryland backyard include the American Goldfinch, which can be easy to miss due to its similar coloring to the Pine Warbler.

Rebecca Duncan's experience with her mother is a great reminder that even small joys like feeding birds can bring happiness to those who can't enjoy other activities.

If you're looking to attract more birds to your yard, consider adding golden raisins and fresh blueberries to your offerings, as mockingbirds seem to love them.

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You can also try scattering seed on the ground, as the Towhee appears to prefer this method of foraging.

Here are some common backyard birds you might see in Maryland:

Jessica Marley's experience in Montgomery County suggests that Catbirds are present in the area, and can be seen visiting bird feeders.

If you live in Maryland, you're in luck because there are plenty of birds that will visit your backyard. Many of these birds are common and easy to attract with the right food and habitat.

Some birds, like the towhee, will even come to your yard if you scatter seed on the ground. In fact, Rebecca Duncan found that her mother loved watching the towhee visit their yard, and it brought her a lot of joy.

If you're looking to attract more than just common grackles, you might consider using a different type of bird feed. Maria Christy, whose in-laws live on the eastern shore of Maryland, asked for advice on this very topic.

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You can also attract birds by offering them food that they love, like golden raisins and fresh blueberries. Mockingbirds, in particular, seem to go crazy for these treats.

Here are some common backyard birds you might see in Maryland:

• Gray catbird

• Brown thrasher

• Northern mockingbird

• Chalk-browed mockingbird

• Sage thrasher (rarely seen)

• Orioles (common in southern Maryland)

• Catbirds (present in Montgomery County)

These birds are all part of the Mimidae family, which is known for its remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of sounds.

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Seasonal Backyard Birds are a common sight in many yards, and knowing which ones to expect can be helpful for bird enthusiasts. Some birds live in our yard for weeks or months, while others visit for a shorter period.

The American Robin is a seasonal regular that can be seen in yards during the spring and summer months. They're known for their distinctive red breasts and love of worms.

Some birds, like the Northern Cardinal, spend the summer in our yards, while others like the American Goldfinch visit for a few weeks in the spring. The Northern Cardinal is recognized by its vibrant red plumage and distinctive song.

The American Robin is a great example of a bird that returns to our yards seasonally, often staying for weeks or months at a time. They're attracted to yards with lawns and gardens filled with worms and insects.

The Northern Cardinal is a year-round resident in some areas, but in others, it's a seasonal visitor that returns in the spring and stays until the fall.

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The Blue Jay is a very well-known bird species in North America and the U.S. They have a large blue crest on top of their heads with mostly blue feathers on top and white feathers on bottom.

Their distinctive appearance includes a black ring around their necks that looks like a necklace, and their wings are barred white, blue, and black. Females and males share the same coloration.

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Blue Jays are common in backyards and at feeders, and they like platform feeders, peanut feeders, and feeders with large perches. They're particularly fond of black sunflower seeds, mixed seeds, and peanuts.

These birds are serious about defending their territory from hawks and crows, rival groups of Blue Jays, and any other bird they see as a threat.

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The Eastern Bluebird is a real treat to have in your backyard.

They're all blue on top with rusty reddish-orange bellies, and females have duller colors than males.

They're very common in backyards, especially in Maryland where they can be found year-round.

In fact, the Maryland Bluebird Society is a great resource to learn more about these birds.

Eastern Bluebirds don't typically eat seeds, but they can be enticed to visit feeders with mealworms on a tray feeder or in a dish.

I've had the pleasure of hosting Eastern Bluebirds in my yard during cold winter months and early spring.

They're mostly non-aggressive birds, and if they find the feeder low on dried mealworms, they'll sit politely on the top of a shepherd's hook and look at you as if to say, "Would you consider putting some food out for me?"

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The American Robin is a common sight in Maryland backyards, particularly during the warmer months. They tend to be particularly interested in freshly turned earth and newly mulched areas.

You can usually spot them hopping around the grass, looking for worms and other invertebrates to eat. Their bright orange round bellies, yellow beaks, and larger size make them easy to identify.

American Robins don't typically eat seeds, so they're not often seen at seed feeders. Instead, try attracting them with mealworms, native fruit-bearing plants, or a bird bath.

In colder weather, they may show up to use a heated birdbath when there's snow on the ground. This is a great way to entice them to visit your yard even when it's chilly outside.

Mourning Doves are about the size of a robin, measuring 9.1-13.4 inches in length.

They're very common in backyards, often sitting perched on telephone wires or in groups in trees. I've seen them on my tray feeder, but more often than not, they're seen walking around on the ground beneath hanging bird feeders.

Mourning Doves are mostly gray with black spots on top, a pale peachy color below, and pink legs. Males and females look the same.

These birds remain in Maryland all year round, so you can spot them in your backyard at any time. They'll visit seed feeders, but prefer scouring the ground for seeds that have fallen. Try placing a ground feeder with a mixed seed blend, or simply scatter some seeds on the ground.

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The Baltimore Oriole is a beautiful bird to have in your backyard. With its striking orange and black plumage, it's no wonder it's the state bird of Maryland.

One of the best ways to attract Baltimore Orioles is to offer them sweet treats like jelly and orange halves. In fact, a commenter mentioned that Orioles love golden raisins and fresh blueberries, so you might consider adding those to your offerings as well.

If you live in Maryland, you might be wondering why you don't see Baltimore Orioles in your yard. It's possible that they're not attracted to your yard's food sources, or maybe they're just not in the area at the time. One commenter noted that they live just south of Baltimore and rarely see Orioles in their yard, but they did have one visit from a young male who ate seed at their feeders.

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If you do want to attract Orioles, consider putting out an oriole feeder or offering them jelly and orange halves. You might also try scattering seed on the ground, as one commenter found that this attracted a Towhee to their yard.

Here are some key facts about the Baltimore Oriole:

Overall, the Baltimore Oriole is a beautiful and fascinating bird that can add some excitement to your backyard. With the right food offerings and a little patience, you might just attract one to your yard.

Gray Catbirds are a common sight in Maryland backyards, and for good reason. They're attracted to the state's native fruit-bearing trees and bushes, which provide them with a constant food source.

According to Rebecca Duncan, a Maryland resident who's been feeding the birds, Gray Catbirds love to eat fruit, so offering some fruits, berries, and other sweet things can help attract them to your yard. You can also try scattering seed on the ground, as Rebecca has done with success.

One thing to note is that Gray Catbirds are only found in some parts of Maryland, particularly in the summer months. In fact, in many states, they're only a summer visitor. But in Maryland, they stick around all year.

If you're looking to attract Gray Catbirds to your yard, consider offering suet, as they seem to love it. In fact, one reader reported that Gray Catbirds would hang around underneath suet feeders to catch fallen suet.

New World warblers are a group of small, often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial, such as the Ovenbird.

These birds are insectivores, which means they primarily feed on insects. In fact, most members of this family are insectivores. You might notice them flitting around your backyard, searching for tasty insects to snack on.

Some common New World warblers include the Ovenbird, Worm-eating warbler, and Louisiana waterthrush. The Ovenbird, for example, is a terrestrial bird that's often found on the ground, searching for insects to eat.

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Here's a list of 41 species of New World warblers that have been recorded in Maryland:

The Northern Cardinal is a common year-round resident in Maryland, known for its distinctive song and bright red plumage.

They can be found in a variety of habitats, including backyards, parks, and woodlands.

The American Crow is another year-round resident, recognized by its glossy black feathers and loud, raspy call.

They're highly intelligent birds that can be seen foraging for food on the ground and in trees.

The Tufted Titmouse is a small, gray bird with a distinctive tuft of feathers on its head, and is a frequent visitor to backyard bird feeders.

It's not uncommon to see them flitting between branches, searching for seeds and nuts.

The Blue Jay is a bold and colorful bird that can be seen year-round in Maryland, with its bright blue and white feathers and distinctive crest.

They're known for their intelligence and complex social behavior.

The White-breasted Nuthatch is a common year-round resident, recognized by its white face and breast, and its ability to climb down trees headfirst.

They're often seen foraging for insects and seeds in tree bark and branches.

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Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. They can be found in Maryland, with eight species recorded in the state.

Some species of woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. The Red-Bellied Woodpecker is a regular visitor to our yard, often visiting suet feeders and platform feeders for peanuts.

Here are some of the woodpecker species found in Maryland:

Wrens, on the other hand, are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills, and are insectivorous.

In Maryland, seven species of wrens have been recorded, including the Carolina Wren, which is a regular visitor to our yard and loves dried mealworms.

The Tufted Titmouse is a common visitor to backyard feeders, found throughout Maryland all year. They're a bit shy, but they tend to hang out with other birds like the Carolina Chickadees.

These birds have a distinctive silver-gray top and lighter bottom, with a black patch above their beaks. An orange patch might be visible on their side under the wing. They're easy to spot due to their small mohawk.

Titmice love sunflower hearts and will also eat safflower seeds. They're quick to grab a seed and go, often caching it before coming back for another. If they can sneak in between Blue Jays, they'll try to snag a peanut in the shell or a smaller peanut split.

They're not picky eaters, and they'll visit most seed feeders if you offer them mixed seed blends and black sunflower seeds.

Chickadees are tiny little birds with distinctive black caps and bibs. They're quick and curious, and can appear quite brave around humans near bird feeders.

Their length varies between 3.9-5.9 inches, depending on the species. Black-Capped Chickadees are slightly larger than Carolina Chickadees.

In Maryland, you can find both Black-Capped and Carolina Chickadees, but Carolina Chickadees are more common throughout the state. Black-Capped Chickadees are found in smaller numbers along the far western portion of the state.

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Chickadees love visiting seed feeders, especially those offering mixed seed blends and black sunflower seeds. They're also known to visit suet feeders in the spring to gather food for their young.

Their wingspan is around 5.9-8.3 inches, and they weigh between 0.3-0.5 ounces. Chickadees are busy birds, often chattering about perceived threats and grabbing seeds to cache or eat on the go.

Nuthatches are small woodland birds that have some pretty cool abilities. They can climb down trees head first, which is a unique trait among birds.

These birds have big heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet. Three species have been recorded in Maryland: Red-breasted, White-breasted, and Brown-headed nuthatches.

One of the most common types of nuthatches in Maryland is the White-Breasted Nuthatch. They have a thick black stripe on top of their heads, with white on either side and on their bellies.

White-Breasted Nuthatches are found year-round throughout Maryland and will visit most seed feeders. They enjoy mixed seed blends, black sunflower seeds, peanuts, suet, and dried mealworms.

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In Maryland, you can often find White-Breasted Nuthatches at your feeders, especially when there are lots of other birds around. They tend to fly to a tree, sidle down it head first, and then do a direct flight to the feeder.

If you're looking to attract nuthatches to your yard, consider offering them sunflower hearts, peanut splits, or suet. They'll also appreciate a good mealworm or two.

Here are some fun facts about the different types of nuthatches you can spot in Maryland:

Woodpeckers are small- to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. They can be found in Maryland, with eight species recorded in the state.

Some species of woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. This behavior is a common way for woodpeckers to find insects and sap.

Red-bellied woodpeckers are fairly common at feeders and backyards in the eastern U.S., and are easily identifiable by the bright red streak along the back of their heads and the white and black barring on their wings. They live year-round in Maryland and can be attracted to suet feeders.

Downy woodpeckers are the smallest woodpeckers in North America and are easily identifiable by their all white underbodies, black wings with white spots, and the red spot on the back of their heads (in males). They are very common backyard birds that love to visit bird feeders.

Here are some common species of woodpeckers found in Maryland:

Northern flickers are medium to large sized woodpeckers that are quite common in backyards throughout the United States, though not extremely common at feeders. They feed mainly on insects and often like to find them on the ground rather than trees.

Carolina Wrens are quite common in backyards and are often seen visiting suet feeders. Their loud "teakettle-teakettle" song is a familiar sound in many areas.

These little birds are mostly reddish-brown on top and a lighter orangish color on bottom. They have a distinctive longish, slightly curved beak and bold white "eyebrow".

Carolina Wrens like to hide in brush and may be hard to spot. However, their love of suet and sunflower seeds makes them a regular visitor to many bird feeders.

They have a special fondness for dried mealworms at feeders, making them a joy to have around.

House Wrens are feisty birds that can be quite territorial, as I've seen firsthand when they dive-bombed a squirrel that got too close to their nest box.

They're insect eaters, which means they don't seem interested in anything in my feeders, including dried mealworms.

House Wrens are a bit on the small side, but they make up for it with their loud songs.

If you're looking to attract House Wrens to your yard, consider installing a nest box, as they seem to appreciate a cozy place to call their own.

Some species of Wrens can be found in Maryland, including the House Wren, which is listed as one of the seven species recorded in the state.

Here are some of the species of Wrens that can be found in Maryland:

Treecreepers are small woodland birds with brown backs and white underparts.

They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark.

One species has been recorded in Maryland.

Their stiff tail feathers are similar to those of woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.

Thrushes and Allies are a fascinating group of birds, and as a nature enthusiast, I'm excited to share some interesting facts about them. They are a type of passerine bird that can be found in the Old World.

One of the distinctive characteristics of Thrushes is their plump and soft plumage. They are small to medium-sized birds that feed on the ground, often eating insects or other small invertebrates.

Some Thrush species are known to be insectivores, while others are omnivores, which means they eat a variety of food sources including fruits, berries, and insects. I've had the pleasure of observing American Robins, which are a type of Thrush, feeding on worms and other invertebrates in my backyard.

Eleven species of Thrushes have been recorded in Maryland, which is a great place to spot these birds. Here are some of the Thrush species found in Maryland:

Sparrows and Finches are common visitors to backyards in Maryland. They can be identified by their distinctive head patterns, beak shape, and size.

House Sparrows are a common sight, but they're not universally liked due to the problems they cause. They're brown with heavy white streaking, and males have red splashed on their head, chest, and back. They love bird feeders and will eat black sunflower or mixed seed.

White-throated Sparrows are common across much of the U.S. during the winter, and then migrate to Canada in the summer to breed. They have a white throat patch and bold facial pattern of black and white stripes with yellow spots between the eyes. They readily visit feeders and like to pick up fallen seed below feeders.

Finches are another group of birds that can be seen in Maryland yards. They're seed-eating passerine birds with a strong beak and a bouncing flight. Ten confirmed species have been recorded in Maryland, including the American Goldfinch, which is one of the most common finches in the state.

Here's a list of some of the finches and sparrows you might see in your Maryland yard:

Goldfinches are particularly fond of thistle (nyjer) feeders, and may also eat sunflower chips. They're a delight to see in your yard, especially when they're busy looking for seeds in flowers and up in trees.

The American Goldfinch is a delightful bird to have in your yard, and with the right feeder, you can attract them easily.

They are found all year throughout Maryland, so you can enjoy their company throughout the seasons.

One of the most distinctive features of the American Goldfinch is its bright yellow feathers in the spring and summer.

In the winter, they molt and lose their bright colors, taking on more brown or olive tones.

You can always recognize them, though, by their black wings with white bars and their finch-like beak.

Goldfinches prefer thistle (nyjer) feeders, but they may also eat sunflower chips.

If you want to attract them to your yard, a thistle feeder is your best bet.

Here are some fun facts about American Goldfinches:

They are busy little birds, flitting from flower to flower in search of seeds, and they can also be seen in trees.

In Maryland yards, they are often found on nyjer and/or sunflower heart feeders.

Finches and Euphonias are a delight to have in your backyard. They're small to moderately large birds with strong beaks, usually conical in shape. You can spot them in Maryland all year round.

Finches are seed-eating birds that have a distinctive flight pattern, with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings. They're known to sing well, making them a pleasure to have around.

Some common finch species in Maryland include the House Finch, American Goldfinch, and Purple Finch. The House Finch is a common backyard bird that's easy to attract with sunflower or mixed seed feeders.

House Finches are known to mob feeders in large flocks, and both sexes have distinctive brown and white markings. Males have a splash of red on their head, chest, and back.

American Goldfinches, on the other hand, are bright yellow in the spring and summer, with black-tipped wings and a black cap on their heads. In the winter, they molt and lose their bright colors, but you can still recognize them by their black wings with white bars.

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If you're trying to attract finches to your yard, consider setting up a thistle feeder, as they love nyjer seed. You can also try sunflower chips, but thistle is your best bet for attracting goldfinches.

Here's a list of some finch species found in Maryland:

The Common Grackle is a bird you'll often find in large numbers, especially in Maryland. They can appear in flocks numbering in the millions of birds.

Their iridescent feathers are quite pretty, but they often appear black in color. You can see hues of blue, green, brown, and purple if you catch them in the right light.

Common Grackles are easy to identify by their solid coloring, long narrow body and tail, and yellow ringed eye. This distinctive eye ring is a key characteristic to look for.

They're found throughout Maryland all year, and are known to roost with other types of blackbirds.

The Red-Eyed Vireo is a common summer bird in the eastern U.S., with a distinctive red eye-ring and dark cap.

They're relatively small, measuring 4.7 – 5.1 inches in length and weighing between 0.4 – 0.9 ounces.

Red-Eyed Vireos have a unique appearance, with a faded olive back and tail, a lighter breast and belly, and a dark streak through their eye.

Their wingspan is around 9.1 – 9.8 inches, and they have a white eyebrow that's worth looking out for.

You might not see them often, as they tend to stay high up in the trees, but keep an eye out and you might catch a glimpse.

Listen for their song and calls, which can be a giveaway to their presence – they're known for "talking" all day.

Red-Eyed Vireos eat mainly insects in the summer, so if you want to attract them to your yard, consider planting native deciduous trees and insect-supporting vegetation.

You won't find them visiting bird feeders, but with the right plants, you might just spot one in your yard.

New World sparrows are a diverse group of birds that can be found in Maryland, with 29 species recorded in the state. They're not closely related to Old World sparrows, which are in a different family.

Some New World sparrows are migratory birds, like the White-throated Sparrow, which spends the winter in Maryland and migrates to Canada in the summer. Others, like the Chipping Sparrow, are present in the state year-round, although they may not stick around all year.

White-throated Sparrows are common throughout Maryland and can be attracted to feeders with sunflower, millet, and mixed seed blends. They also like to pick up fallen seed below feeders.

If you want to attract Chipping Sparrows to your yard, try offering millet or nyjer seed on the ground or at feeders. They're willing to visit feeders, unlike some other sparrows.

Here's a list of some New World sparrows that can be found in Maryland:

Pine Siskins make our yard a winter home very occasionally. They tend to hang out with the American Goldfinches and eat similar things.

They are a little more slender and more stripey than goldfinches, making them easy to spot if you look closely.

If you're lucky enough to have them visit, be sure to keep your nyjer seed and sunflower hearts well-stocked.

Brown-Headed Cowbirds are known to be parasitic, meaning they lay their eggs in other birds' nests.

They tend to show up in flocks, often with Red-Winged Blackbirds, Common Grackles, and European Starlings.

In Maryland, they arrive with winter and early spring flocks, looking for food sources like sunflower seed.

They'll also eat safflower if available, which is a good option to consider if you're trying to attract them.

I've found that chasing them off when I see them helps keep them from hanging out in our yard for too long.

New World quail are small, plump terrestrial birds, quite different from their Old World counterparts, but share a similar appearance and habits.

They can be found in Maryland, where one confirmed species and one of questionable origin have been recorded.

The Northern bobwhite, Colinus virginianus, is a confirmed species of New World quail in Maryland.

Here are some recorded species of New World quail in Maryland:

Pigeons and doves are a common sight in backyards, with seven species recorded in Maryland. They're stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

Mourning Doves, in particular, are very common, about the size of a robin, and can be found perched on telephone wires or in groups in trees. They're mostly gray with black spots on top, a pale peachy color below, and pink legs.

Males and females of the Mourning Dove look the same, making identification easy. They can be seen walking around on the ground beneath hanging bird feeders.

Doves will often visit seed feeders, but prefer scouring the ground for seeds that have fallen. Try a ground feeder with a mixed seed blend, or simply scatter some seeds on the ground.

Here are some of the pigeon and dove species found in Maryland:

Waxwings are a unique group of birds with soft silky plumage and distinctive red tips on some of their wing feathers.

These birds are found in northern forests and live on a diet of insects in the summer and berries in the winter. I've always been fascinated by their adaptability to different seasons.

The Bohemian and cedar waxwings are the two species that have been recorded in Maryland. They are arboreal birds, which means they spend most of their time in trees.

Here are the two species of waxwings found in Maryland:

Gnatcatchers are a unique group of birds that share some similarities with Old World warblers. They have a soft bluish gray color and move restlessly through foliage while seeking insects.

Their long, sharp bill is typical of an insectivore, which means they primarily feed on insects. Many species have distinctive black head patterns, especially males.

One species, the Blue-gray gnatcatcher, has been recorded in Maryland.

Waterbirds and Seabirds are abundant in Maryland. These birds can be identified by their distinctive characteristics and habitats.

To identify waterbirds, look for strong legs and long toes, well-suited for soft uneven surfaces. Most species have short, rounded wings and are weak fliers. You can spot them in dense vegetation near lakes, swamps, or rivers.

Some common waterbirds in Maryland include the Clapper rail, King rail, and Virginia rail. The American coot, Common gallinule, and Purple gallinule are also found in the state.

The following table highlights some of the waterbirds and seabirds found in Maryland:

Seabirds like gannets and boobies can be identified by their plunge-diving behavior for fish. The Northern gannet, Masked booby, and Brown booby have been recorded in Maryland.

Waterfowl are a fascinating group of birds, and Maryland is home to a diverse range of species. Forty-six confirmed species, two of questionable origin, and one of exotic origin have been recorded in the state.

Many waterfowl species have adapted to aquatic existence with webbed feet, which allow them to swim and dive with ease. These birds also have bills that are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils.

Some of the most common waterfowl species in Maryland include ducks, geese, and swans. The family Anatidae includes these birds, and they can be found in various habitats such as ponds, lakes, and wetlands.

Here are some of the waterfowl species found in Maryland:

These are just a few examples of the many waterfowl species that can be found in Maryland. Each species has its unique characteristics, and they all play an important role in the state's ecosystem.

Waterbirds are an incredibly diverse group of birds that can be found in a variety of aquatic environments, from freshwater lakes and rivers to coastal areas and saltwater estuaries. They are well adapted to their aquatic lifestyle, with features such as webbed feet, broad wings, and a streamlined body shape.

Many waterbirds are migratory, traveling long distances each year to reach their breeding and wintering grounds. For example, some species of geese, such as the Snow goose and the Greater white-fronted goose, migrate from their Arctic breeding grounds to warmer regions in the southern United States.

Waterbirds can be found in a range of habitats, from shallow coastal wetlands to deep freshwater lakes. Some species, such as the American coot and the Common gallinule, prefer dense vegetation in damp environments, while others, such as the Mallard and the Wood duck, can be found in more open water.

One of the most distinctive features of waterbirds is their ability to fly long distances with ease. Many species, such as the Canada goose and the Tundra swan, are strong fliers, while others, such as the American bittern and the Least bittern, are more secretive and tend to fly short distances.

Here are some examples of waterbirds found in Maryland:

These waterbirds play an important role in the ecosystem, serving as both predators and prey for other animals. They also provide a source of food and income for humans, with many species being hunted for their meat and feathers.

Stilts and avocets are part of the large wading bird family Recurvirostridae. They're found in Maryland, with two species recorded.

The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills, making them quite distinctive. I've seen pictures of them wading in shallow water, using their bills to search for food.

The stilts, on the other hand, have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. This unique combination helps them navigate through the water with ease.

Here are the two species of stilts and avocets found in Maryland:

Sandpipers and their allies are a diverse group of shorebirds that can be found in various habitats, including the coast and mudflats. They are small to medium-sized birds that feed on small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil.

The majority of these species have unique characteristics, such as different lengths of legs and bills, which enable them to feed in the same habitat without direct competition for food. This is especially evident in coastal areas where multiple species can coexist.

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Thirty-six species of sandpipers and allies have been recorded in Maryland, showcasing the diversity of this group. Some of the most notable species include the Upland sandpiper, Whimbrel, and Hudsonian godwit, all of which have been recorded in the state.

Here are some examples of sandpipers and allies found in Maryland:

Seabirds are a fascinating group of birds that can be found in Maryland's coastal waters. Some species, like the Atlantic puffin, are known for their distinctive black-and-white colors and upright posture, but can fly, unlike penguins.

Auks, which include species like the dovekie and common murre, live on the open sea and only come ashore to nest. Six species of auks have been recorded in Maryland.

The Alcidae family includes auks, and they are only distantly related to penguins. Alcids are able to fly, unlike penguins.

Gulls, terns, and skimmers are all part of the Laridae family, and are typically medium-to-large birds with gray or white plumage. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.

Some species, like the black-legged kittiwake and laughing gull, are common in Maryland's coastal waters. Others, like the European herring gull, are accidental visitors.

Here's a list of some seabirds that can be found in Maryland:

Skimmers, like the black skimmer, are tropical and subtropical species that feed by flying low over the water surface with the lower mandible skimming the water for small fish.

Boobies and gannets are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish. The masked booby and brown booby are two species that have been recorded in Maryland.

The northern gannet is a large seabird that can be found in Maryland's coastal waters. It's a striking bird with a distinctive appearance.

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Shearwaters and petrels are a fascinating group of medium-sized birds that can be found in Maryland. They belong to the order Procellariiformes and family Procellariidae.

One of the distinctive characteristics of these birds is their united nostrils with a medium septum. This unique feature sets them apart from other waterbirds and seabirds.

Eight species and a species pair have been recorded in Maryland, which is a notable number considering the diversity of waterbirds and seabirds in the state.

Here are some of the species that can be found in Maryland:

It's worth noting that some of these species, such as the Northern fulmar and Cory's shearwater, have a rare or restricted occurrence (R*) in Maryland.

Anhingas are cormorant-like water birds with long necks and long, straight beaks. They are fish eaters which often swim with only their neck above the water.

One species of anhinga has been recorded in Maryland.

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Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. They have four webbed toes, like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes.

Two species of pelicans have been recorded in Maryland.

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, and short legs.

One species of kingfisher has been recorded in Maryland, the Belted kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon).

Their distinctive appearance makes them easy to spot in their natural habitat.

Longspurs and snow buntings are a fascinating group of birds that can be found in open grassy areas. They belong to the order Passeriformes and are part of two different families: Calcariidae and Passerellidae.

The Calcariidae family includes four species that have been recorded in Maryland. These birds are distinct from the New World sparrows in several ways.

The four species of longspurs found in Maryland are the Lapland longspur, Chestnut-collared longspur, Smith's longspur, and Snow bunting.

Here's a quick rundown of the species you might see in Maryland:

In Maryland, you can spot a variety of birds of prey, including hawks, eagles, and kites. These birds have some remarkable characteristics, such as large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey.

Some of the most common birds of prey in Maryland include the White-tailed kite, Swallow-tailed kite, and Golden eagle. These birds are part of the Accipitridae family, which also includes harriers and Old World vultures.

To help you identify these birds, here's a list of some of the species found in Maryland:

The Accipitridae family also includes hawks, such as the Sharp-shinned hawk and the Cooper's hawk, which can be identified by their strong legs and powerful talons.

Cuckoos are a fascinating group of birds that can be found in Maryland, with three recorded species. The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis.

These birds are known for their slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs. They come in a variety of sizes, making them quite diverse.

The Groove-billed ani is one of the species found in Maryland, and it's identified by the letter "R" in parentheses next to its scientific name, Crotophaga sulcirostris.

New World vultures are a unique group of birds that are not closely related to Old World vultures, despite their similar appearance. They are scavengers, but unlike Old World vultures, they have a good sense of smell that helps them locate carcasses.

These birds are found in Maryland, with two species recorded in the state. The Black vulture and the Turkey vulture are the two species that can be found in Maryland.

Here are the two species of New World vultures found in Maryland:

Birds of prey are fascinating creatures, and Maryland is home to a diverse range of them. There are three main groups of birds of prey: hawks, eagles, and kites; owls; and falcons and caracaras.

Hawks, eagles, and kites have large, powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, and powerful talons. They also have keen eyesight, which helps them spot their next meal.

Some common species of hawks, eagles, and kites found in Maryland include the White-tailed kite, the Golden eagle, the Bald eagle, and the Red-tailed hawk. These birds are known for their impressive hunting skills and can be seen soaring through the skies, scanning for prey.

Owls, on the other hand, are nocturnal birds of prey that rely on their large forward-facing eyes and ears to hunt at night. They have a distinctive facial disk around each eye and a hawk-like beak.

Some common species of owls found in Maryland include the Eastern screech-owl, the Great horned owl, and the Barred owl. These birds are known for their hooting calls and can be heard in the evenings and at night.

Falcons and caracaras are diurnal birds of prey that kill their prey with their beaks instead of their talons. They are known for their speed and agility, and can be seen diving through the skies at high speeds.

Some common species of falcons and caracaras found in Maryland include the American kestrel, the Merlin, and the Peregrine falcon. These birds are known for their impressive hunting skills and can be seen perched on telephone wires or buildings, scanning for prey.

Here's a list of some of the birds of prey found in Maryland:

These birds of prey play an important role in maintaining the balance of nature in Maryland, and it's a thrill to spot them in their natural habitat.

Crows, jays, and magpies are part of the Corvidae family, which includes a variety of large birds known for their intelligence. Some species of corvids have been recorded in Maryland.

The Blue jay, one of the four species recorded in Maryland, is a striking bird with a bright blue and white plumage. It's common to spot them in backyards and parks.

The American crow and Fish crow are also found in Maryland, and are both members of the Corvus genus. These crows are known for their intelligence and problem-solving abilities.

The Common raven, also known as the Common raven (R*), is a large and intelligent bird that is occasionally recorded in Maryland. It's one of the larger species of corvids.

Here are the four species of corvids recorded in Maryland:

Swallows are a type of bird that's perfectly adapted for aerial feeding. They have a slender, streamlined body that helps them cut through the air with ease.

Their long, pointed wings are another key feature that allows them to fly efficiently. This is especially important for swallows, as they spend most of their time in the air.

The shape of their bill is also noteworthy - it's short and has a wide gape, which is ideal for catching insects in mid-air. This is a key part of their diet, and it's something that's essential for their survival.

Here are seven species of swallows that have been recorded in Maryland: