
To become a certified veterinary technician, you'll need to prepare for and pass the Veterinary Technician National Examination (VTNE). The VTNE is a standardized exam that tests your knowledge and skills in areas like anesthesia, pharmacology, and veterinary nursing.
The exam is administered by the American Association of Veterinary State Boards (AAVSB) and is offered at various testing centers across the country. You can register for the exam on the AAVSB website or through a testing center.
To prepare for the exam, it's essential to review the exam content outline, which covers topics like veterinary nursing, anatomy, and physiology. The AAVSB website provides a detailed outline of the exam content, which you should study carefully.
You can also use study materials like textbooks, online courses, and practice exams to help you prepare for the exam.
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What is VTNE?
The VTNE is the most important competency exam for people looking to start their careers as veterinary technicians in the US or Canada.
To become a certified vet tech, you must register with AAVSB and pass the exam, which assesses necessary skills and knowledge to take care of animals properly.
The VTNE is a 3-hour computer-based examination, and you'll have 170 multiple-choice questions to answer.
The exam is composed of 150 questions that will determine your score, with the remaining 20 questions being pilot questions that won't affect your final score.
Preparation and Study
To prepare for the VTNE, it's best to take the exam soon after graduation, while the information is still fresh in your mind. This way, you can take advantage of the knowledge you gained in your veterinary technician program.
The exam consists of 225 multiple-choice questions that assess your knowledge of animal care in various subjects, including pharmacy and pharmacology, surgical preparation and assisting, and animal care and nursing. You'll want to have a comprehensive study guide to brush up on the material and identify areas where you need more practice.
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The VTNE exam has a specific breakdown of subjects, with pharmacy and pharmacology making up 14% of the questions, and animal care and nursing making up 24%. It's essential to focus on your weaknesses and work on those areas specifically.
Here's a breakdown of the VTNE exam subjects:
By understanding the exam format and focusing on your weaknesses, you'll be better equipped to pass the VTNE and start your career as a veterinary technician.
Books for Preparation
Having the right study materials can make a huge difference in your preparation for the VTNE. A comprehensive book that covers all the subjects on the exam is a great place to start, such as Mosby's Comprehensive Review for Veterinary Technicians.
This book reviews all the different subjects in detail and has study questions after each section for review. You can also consider Mometrix Test Preparation's VTNE Secrets, which covers all the exam topics in a straightforward format.
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Review Questions and Answers for Veterinary Technicians by Heather Prendergast is another great option, strictly containing review questions with answers and a CD with exam questions that students find helpful.
After brushing up on the material with a comprehensive study guide, you can identify which subjects you know well and which ones you need to work on more. Then, you can purchase books specific to those areas.
For anatomy, a reliable textbook is Clinical Anatomy & Physiology for Veterinary Technicians. If you're struggling to learn the vocabulary, this book is a great resource.
Pharmacology is often considered one of the most difficult sections of the test, so it's a good idea to get a separate textbook to help you focus on this subject. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics for the Veterinary Technician is a great option for this.
Here are some top picks for VTNE study materials:
- Mosby's Comprehensive Review for Veterinary Technicians
- Mometrix Test Preparation's VTNE Secrets
- Review Questions and Answers for Veterinary Technicians by Heather Prendergast
- Clinical Anatomy & Physiology for Veterinary Technicians
- Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics for the Veterinary Technician
Preparing for the Basics
To start preparing for the VTNE, it's essential to check if your state requires the exam to become a licensed veterinary technician. You can use the VTNE's search module or check out our detailed table of vet tech credentialing and renewal requirements to see what your state needs.
You must have graduated from an American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) accredited program to take the VTNE. This is a crucial requirement, so make sure to verify your program's accreditation status.
The VTNE is a three-hour exam with 170 multiple-choice questions, but only 150 operational questions count towards your score. The remaining 20 pilot questions are used for constructing future examinations and won't affect your score.
It's also a good idea to familiarize yourself with the exam format and schedule. After applying and being deemed eligible, you'll receive an email with instructions on how to schedule your examination at a PSI testing center.
Here's a breakdown of the exam format:
Remember to arrive at least 45 minutes early on the day of the exam to avoid any last-minute stress or issues.
Exam Application and Requirements
To apply for the VTNE exam, you can choose to take it in PSI testing centers or as a live remote proctored exam (LRP).
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The VTNE exam registration fee is $340, which must be paid to the AAVSB when you submit your application online.
You can register for the LRP exam, but make sure you meet all necessary requirements.
After graduating with an associate degree from an accredited college, most states require you to take the VTNE exam.
For more detailed information about the AAVSB VTNE exam process, download the AAVSB candidate information handbook.
Exam Content and Coverage
The VTNE covers nine domains, each accounting for a different percentage of the exam. The domains include pharmacy and pharmacology, surgical nursing, dentistry, laboratory procedures, animal care and nursing, diagnostic imaging, anesthesia, emergency medicine/critical care, and pain management/analgesia.
The exam is divided into these domains to ensure that veterinary technicians are well-rounded and knowledgeable in various areas. Pharmacy and pharmacology, for example, account for 12 percent of the exam.
Here's a breakdown of the VTNE domains and their corresponding percentages:
The VTNE questions cover 18 topics, including pharmacy and pharmacology, surgical nursing, and anesthesia, each with a specific number of questions.
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VTNE Coverage
The VTNE exam covers nine primary topics, also known as domains, which are Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Surgical Nursing, Dentistry, Laboratory Procedures, Animal Care and Nursing, Diagnostic Imaging, Anesthesia, Emergency Medicine/Critical Care, and Pain Management/Analgesia.
Each domain includes task area statements and knowledge area statements that measure a successful vet tech's knowledge and skills. Pharmacy and Pharmacology, for example, accounts for 12% of the exam, while Animal Care and Nursing makes up a significant 20%.
The VTNE questions are written and selected by the AAVSB to provide an example of the type of questions you can expect on the test. You can view a full breakdown of the topics and subtopics covered on the VTNE by downloading the "Domains, Tasks & Knowledge" file provided by the AAVSB.
Here's a breakdown of the VTNE domains and their corresponding percentages:
- Pharmacy and Pharmacology (12%)
- Surgical Nursing (11%)
- Dentistry (8%)
- Laboratory Procedures (12%)
- Animal Care and Nursing (20%)
- Diagnostic Imaging (7%)
- Anesthesia (15%)
- Emergency Medicine/Critical Care (8%)
- Pain Management/Analgesia (7%)
You can take the VTNE exam three times a year, depending on your graduation date and preparation time. Be sure to check the AAVSB's "Online Application" tab for application windows and document deadlines.
Revised Heading: Essential Core Meaning

The VTNE is a standardized exam that most state and provincial agencies use to evaluate the competency of entry-level veterinary technicians.
A passing score on the VTNE is required for a veterinary technician to be credentialed.
The VTNE is the exam most state and provincial agencies use to evaluate competency.
Exam Day and Results
As soon as you finish your exam, a score report will be printed telling you if you passed or failed. You can also find your score report in your MyAAVSB portal later.
Your score is based on your scaled score, not your raw score. The raw score is converted to a number between 200 to 800.
The passing score is 425.
Preparing for the Exam
The VTNE exam consists of 225 multiple-choice questions that assess your knowledge of animal care in several subjects, including pharmacy and pharmacology, surgical preparation and assisting, and anesthesia and analgesia. You can expect to spend around 4-5 hours taking the exam.
The exam is divided into seven sections, with the following weights:
- Pharmacy and pharmacology (14%)
- Surgical preparation and assisting (16%)
- Dentistry (8%)
- Laboratory procedures (15%)
- Animal care and nursing (24%)
- Diagnostic imaging (8%)
- Anesthesia and analgesia (15%)
It's worth noting that only 200 of the 225 questions are scored, with the remaining 25 being pilot questions that don't count towards your score.
Practice Questions
Practicing with sample questions is a great way to get a feel for the actual test. The AAVSB writes and selects practice questions to give you an idea of what to expect on the VTNE test.
You can find these sample questions online, and they're designed to mimic the style and difficulty of the actual test. They're meant to help you prepare and get comfortable with the format of the questions.
The AAVSB is the organization responsible for creating these practice questions, and they're specifically designed to simulate the VTNE test experience.
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Pro Study Tips: How to Pass
Recording lectures is a great way to retain information, as recommended by Hoover. She suggests listening to lectures twice, first in class and then again while filling in any gaps in your notes. This approach can help you review and organize your notes more effectively.
Studying with small groups of one to two people can also be helpful, as it allows for focused discussion and review. Hoover notes that larger groups can be distracting and make it harder to stay on track.
It's essential to take care of yourself while studying for the VTNE. Bartley emphasizes the importance of eating well, drinking enough water, and getting enough sleep. This will help you stay focused and alert during your studies.
If you're feeling overwhelmed or struggling to retain information, consider using flashcards to help reinforce key concepts. This can be a quick and effective way to review and retain information.
Here's a breakdown of the VTNE exam format and content:
By understanding the exam format and content, you can focus your studies and make the most of your preparation time.
Frequently Asked Questions
How many questions are on the vet tech exam?
The VTNE contains 150 scoring questions, with a total of 170 questions including 20 pilot questions that don't count towards your score. You'll have 3 hours to complete the exam.
Can you take the VTNE without going to school?
No, most states require graduation from an AVMA-accredited program to take the VTNE. However, a few states may offer alternative paths, so check your state's specific requirements
What is the pass rate for the vet tech exam?
The national average pass rate for first-time vet tech exam candidates is 64%. Find out how your school's pass rate compares to the national average.
How many times can you take the vet tech exam?
You can take the vet tech exam up to 5 times. However, you'll need approval from your jurisdiction for each attempt after the first three.
What is the passing score for the VTNE?
The passing score for the VTNE is 425, which falls within a scaled score range of 200-800.
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