
Underfed dogs often exhibit behaviour that's easily mistaken for laziness. They may appear lethargic, but in reality, their bodies are conserving energy due to a lack of nutrients.
Proper nutrition is essential for a dog's overall health and energy levels. According to research, underfed dogs require a balanced diet that meets their nutritional needs.
A dog's digestive system is designed to extract nutrients from food, but if the food is inadequate, the system can become impaired. This can lead to a range of health problems, including malnutrition and digestive issues.
A well-balanced diet can help correct underfed dog behaviour by providing the necessary nutrients for optimal health.
For another approach, see: Dog Food for High Energy Dogs
Causes and Signs of Underfeeding
Underfeeding can happen unintentionally, especially in multiple-dog households where a weaker dog might get bullied and have food stolen from them.
A proper measuring tool is key to getting the proportions just right when feeding your dog, as guessing or using a cup can lead to underfeeding.
Underfeeding can also occur when using commercial dog foods, as the feeding guide on the package is a wide general range that doesn't consider your dog's lifestyle and personal needs.
Dogs that are underfed may lose patches of hair, and if you can see or feel their ribs without any fat on them, it's likely a sign of underfeeding.
Underfeeding can lead to malnutrition, which can cause a range of symptoms, including lack of energy, skin and coat issues, and a weak immune system.
Here are some common signs of underfeeding:
- Lack of energy: If your dog is lethargic, doesn't like going out for walks, or tires easily, it could mean they're not getting enough food.
- Skin and coat issues: Loss of hair, a scruffy coat, or dry skin can all be signs of underfeeding.
- Weak immune system: If your dog is more prone to illness and takes a long time to heal, it could be a sign of underfeeding.
If you're unsure whether you're underfeeding your dog, look for an exaggerated waistline, visible ribs, or patches of hair loss.
Understanding Dog Nutrition
If you're worried about your furry friend's diet, it's essential to understand dog nutrition. Underfeeding your dog can lead to serious health issues, so let's break it down.
A dog's waist should have a gradual slope, not an exaggerated curve, indicating they might be underfed. If you can see or feel their ribs without any fat on them, it's a clear sign of underfeeding.
You might be underfeeding your dog without even realizing it. In multiple-dog households, a weaker or smaller dog might get bullied and have food stolen. This is a common issue unless you're closely watching your dogs when they're eating.
Using a proper measuring tool is crucial to get the proportions right. Guessing the amount or using a cup (and probably not the same one) every day can lead to underfeeding. A measuring tool will help you ensure your dog is getting the right amount of food.
Underfeeding can also happen when using commercial dog foods. The feeding guide on the package is often a wide general range and doesn't take into account your dog's lifestyle and personal needs. For example, active and working dog breeds might need more nutrients and a bit more food than what's recommended.
Here are some common signs of underfeeding in dogs:
- Lack of energy: If your dog is lethargic or depressed, it could be a sign of underfeeding.
- Skin & Coat issues: Loss of hair, a scruffy coat, or dry skin can indicate underfeeding.
- Weak immune system: A deficiency in essential nutrients can make your dog's immune system vulnerable.
If you're unsure whether you're feeding too much or too little, use a body condition score chart to help you understand your dog's nutritional needs.
Consequences of Underfeeding
Underfeeding can have a devastating effect on your dog's health, just like it can in humans. Low energy is a symptom of not eating enough, and if they don't have enough calories, they won't have the energy to play.
Their fur starts to fall out or they develop bald patches because they don't have the resources or energy to spare to grow their normally luscious coat.
Underfed dogs are more prone to illness because their immune system needs fuel to function. If they don't have the energy to fight off illness, they'll get very sick and take a prolonged time to heal.
Addressing Underfeeding Issues
Underfeeding can be a serious issue for dogs, and it's not just about not giving them enough food. Low energy is a symptom of not eating enough, and if they don't have enough calories, they won't have the energy to play.
Their fur starts to fall out or they start gaining bald patches because they don't have the resources or energy to spare to grow their normally luscious coat. This is a clear sign that they're not getting enough nutrition.
Underfeeding can also lead to illness, as the immune system needs fuel to function. If they don't have the energy to fight off illness, they'll get very sick and take a prolonged time to heal.
Here are some common signs of malnutrition:
- Lack of energy: Lethargy can be a sign of illness, but it can also be a sign that your dog is not getting the proper nutrition.
- Skin & Coat issues: Loss of hair, a scruffy coat or dry skin can all be signs of underfeeding.
- Weak immune system: Nutrition is a critical factor for a well-operating immune system.
If you're unsure if you're feeding too much or too little, a body condition score chart can help you better understand how well your dog is doing and whether you need to adjust their food intake.
Restoring a dog to a healthy weight requires a careful process. Providing them with an appropriate recovery diet is essential, and it's often a good idea to record their weight and diet to monitor their progress.
Small amounts of sustenance, given several times daily, is usually recommended to start. If too much food is provided to an emaciated dog, they can develop refeeding syndrome, as drastic changes in minerals and other nutrients can overwhelm their compromised system.

Determine the appropriate amount to feed the dog for their size and start by giving them about ¼ of the daily recommended dose in several small portions throughout the day. Gradually work up to providing the full daily amount required, over about 10 days' time, monitoring the dog for signs of illness, digestive issues or the dog not tolerating the food being provided.
Balanced Diet and Nutrition
A balanced diet is crucial for your dog's overall health and behavior. It's not just about feeding them whatever they seem to like, but about making sure they're getting all the essential nutrients they need.
Feeding a complete food or working with a canine nutritionist is a good idea, as it ensures your dog isn't missing out on anything important. A well-balanced canine diet should contain all of the following elements.
Here are the key elements your dog's diet should include:
- Water
- Carbohydrates (including fiber) at 50%
- Vitamins
- Minerals
- Fat at 9-14%
- Protein at 20-30%
If your dog is eating things they shouldn't, such as coal or plants, it may be a sign that their diet is lacking in certain nutrients. Adding a probiotic can help support their digestive health and reduce the likelihood of this behavior.
Working with Your Veterinarian
Working with Your Veterinarian is crucial in helping your underfed dog recover. A malnourished dog's system can easily be overwhelmed, so they should not be exposed to disease or stress.
Monitoring your dog's condition and recording their dietary intake and weight gain progress is essential to determine if adjustments to their diet need to be made. This will help you keep track of their progress.
A malnourished dog's immune system is impaired, so they need to be kept separate from other pets to prevent the risk of contagion. This will also help prevent the spread of disease.
Providing a warm, dry environment is necessary to prevent your underfed dog from becoming easily chilled. This is especially true if they have problems regulating body temperature.
High-quality dog food, and possibly supplements if recommended by your veterinarian, should be provided in small amounts several times a day with plenty of water. This will help your dog recover from malnourishment.
Your veterinarian can provide guidance on the best course of action for your underfed dog's specific needs. They can also help you identify any underlying health issues that may be contributing to your dog's malnourishment.
For another approach, see: Best Dog Food for Malnourished Dogs
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the stages of starvation in dogs?
Starvation in dogs progresses from initial weight loss to muscle atrophy and eventually organ failure. Key stages include liver degeneration, cardiac changes, anemia, and skin lesions
Sources
- https://www.dogster.com/dog-nutrition/signs-you-are-underfeeding-your-dog
- https://www.tlc4pets.com/site/blog/2022/06/25/underfeeding-dog
- https://colaskitchen.com/blog-posts/dog-diet-overfeeding-underfeeding-effects
- https://www.gooddoggie.co.uk/the-effects-of-food-and-diet-on-your-dogs-behaviour/
- https://wagwalking.com/wellness/caring-for-a-malnourished-dog-what-you-need-to-know
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