
The South African Mastiff is a massive breed, with males weighing up to 230 pounds and standing as tall as 30 inches at the shoulder.
They are a relatively new breed, developed in the 1990s by crossing the Bloodhound and the Bullmastiff with other breeds.
Their short, dense coats require regular brushing to prevent matting and tangling, and they shed heavily during shedding season.
The South African Mastiff is a gentle giant, known for its calm and even temperament, making it an excellent family pet.
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Physical Characteristics
Boerboels are large dogs, with males averaging 24 to 28 inches in height at the shoulder, while females tend to be between 22 and 25 inches in height.
They usually weigh between 110 and 200 pounds, though some can be larger or smaller. Their strong bone structure and well-developed muscles give them a powerful appearance.
Boerboels have a short and sleek coat with dense hair coverage, and their recognised colours are brindle, fawn, and brown, with or without a black mask.
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Highlights

Boerboels are truly impressive dogs, and their physical characteristics are just one of the many things that make them stand out. They're one of the largest dog breeds in the world, typically standing 24-27 inches tall and weighing 110-170 pounds.
Their size is just one aspect of their impressive build, but it's worth noting that they're also muscular, which makes them a force to be reckoned with.
Here are some key physical characteristics of Boerboels:
- Height: 24-27 inches
- Weight: 110-170 pounds
Overall, Boerboels are a sturdy breed with a commanding presence.
Appearance
The Boerboel is a large dog, with a strong bone structure and well-developed muscles. Their head is large and the muzzle is short.
They can stand between 24 and 28 inches tall, with males averaging 24 to 28 inches in height at the shoulder. Females tend to be between 22 and 25 inches in height.
Their coat is short and sleek with dense hair coverage, and they shed a fair amount. However, their coats are easily cared for.
Boerboels weigh between 110 and 200 pounds, though some can be larger or smaller. Males weigh between 140 to 200 lbs for a male and 120 to 160 lbs for a female.
Their eyes are brown and horizontally set, giving them a characteristic alert and intelligent expression.
Temperament and Behavior
The South African Mastiff, also known as the Boerboel, is an extremely loyal dog that loves people and is naturally protective of its family. They have a gentle temperament and know how to do their job calmly and confidently.
Their love for their family means they don't like to be left alone and can suffer from separation anxiety. This can lead to destructive behavior if they're not provided with enough mental and physical stimulation.
As an intelligent breed, the Boerboel is easy to train, but they need to be both trained and socialized from a young age. This is crucial to prevent unwanted behaviors and ensure they grow into well-adjusted adult dogs.
Boerboels are generally calm at home and suitable for families with children who understand how to interact with dogs. However, they may not be the best fit for homes with smaller children who could be easily harmed by an accidental bump or squish.
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Their docile nature at home can sometimes be misleading, as they can become destructive and chew if their physical and mental needs are not met. Daily long walks and playtime in a fenced yard can help meet their needs and prevent unwanted behavior.
Boerboels are big babies at home, loyal to their family, and good with children. They are also very affectionate and loving companions, making them a great fit for families who can provide the right guidance and care.
In general, larger dogs like Boerboels tend to be very calm and docile, but they need to be bred with an even temperament and socialized properly. This is crucial to prevent aggression and ensure they grow into well-adjusted adult dogs.
Boerboels are playful, intelligent, and eager to please, but they can be dominant and require an assertive trainer who uses positive reinforcement and sets boundaries. They need patient, consistent training and early socialization to prevent aggression and ensure they grow into well-adjusted adult dogs.
They are happiest when given a job to do, whether it's guard dog duty or preparing for a competition. This breed loves human family members, even children, but they can be overprotective at times.
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Boerboels need plenty of mental and physical stimulation, or they can get bored and anxious, leading to destructive behavior. Long walks, vigorous play sessions, and challenging devices like puzzle feeders can all help meet their needs.
They require space, so an apartment is not their ideal environment. They do best in a home with a backyard and a high, durable fence that will give them plenty of space to safely run around.
Health and Care
As a responsible Boerboel owner, it's essential to be aware of the potential health issues that can affect your South African Mastiff puppy. With a lifespan of 9-11 years, your furry friend will need regular care and attention to stay healthy.
Your Boerboel's main need is to be mentally and physically stimulated through exercise and play. Regular exercise will help keep them happy and healthy.
Their nails should be trimmed about once every two weeks, and their teeth should be brushed regularly as recommended by a veterinarian. This will help prevent dental problems and keep their mouth healthy.
Here are some potential health issues to watch out for:
- Hip dysplasia, a condition affecting the hip joints.
- Heart disease, encompassing various cardiac issues.
- Eye conditions, which may impact their vision.
- Vaginal hyperplasia, a reproductive system disorder.
- Bloat, a potentially life-threatening gastrointestinal problem.
- Juvenile epilepsy, a neurological disorder.
Remember to keep an eye out for any signs or symptoms related to these conditions and seek guidance from your veterinarian promptly if you notice anything unusual.
Lifespan
The Boerboel's lifespan is a concern for many owners, and unfortunately, they don't live as long as some other breeds. They generally only live between 8 and 10 years on average.
To make the most of the time you have with your Boerboel, it's essential to prioritize their health and care.
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Health Issues
Boerboels are generally healthy dogs, but like all breeds, they can be prone to certain health issues. Their lifespan is relatively short, ranging from 9-11 years.
Hip dysplasia is a common issue in Boerboels, where the thighbone doesn't fit snugly into the hip joint. This can cause pain and lameness in one or both rear legs.
Elbow dysplasia is another condition that affects large breed dogs, including Boerboels. It can be caused by different growth rates and can be fixed with surgery.

Eye problems are also a concern for Boerboels, with conditions like ectropion and entropion being common issues. Ectropion causes the eyelid to roll out or sag, leaving the eye exposed and prone to irritation and infection. Entropion causes the eyelid to roll in, which can irritate or injure the eyeball.
Regular vet checkups are essential to catch any health issues before they become untreatable. Responsible breeders will also screen for genetic problems that commonly affect the breed.
Here are some common health issues that Boerboels may be prone to:
- Hip dysplasia
- Elbow dysplasia
- Ectropion
- Entropion
- Heart disease
- Eye conditions
- Vaginal hyperplasia
- Bloat
- Juvenile epilepsy
These conditions can be screened for with X-rays, and treatment will vary depending on the condition's severity.
Care and Feeding
As you consider bringing a South African Mastiff puppy into your family, you're probably wondering about their care and feeding needs. They're a large breed, after all, and need plenty of food to keep them happy and healthy.
Full-grown South African Boerboels can weigh 150-200 pounds, which means they need a lot of food - typically up to about 10 cups every day. Make sure you have the budget for this big eater, and always talk to your veterinarian about how much you should be feeding your dog.
Boerboels are prone to gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) and bloat, so it's essential to feed them multiple smaller meals throughout the day. This can help prevent these conditions and keep your puppy safe.
Boerboels have a short, medium-shed coat that's relatively low-maintenance to groom. However, their nails should be trimmed about once every two weeks, and their teeth should be brushed regularly as recommended by a veterinarian.
A Boerboel diet should be formulated for a large to giant breed with moderate to high exercise requirements. You should consult your veterinarian or professional nutritionist for advice on what to feed your Boerboel and the correct portion sizes.
Boerboels are highly devoted to their family and can be good with children, but they can put their guard up around strangers. Early socialization and consistent training are vital for helping this breed be comfortable in new situations.
Nutritional supplements with glucosamine and chondroitin can help keep your Boerboel's joints healthy, especially if they have growth disorders affecting their joints. Omega-3 supplements can also aid in protecting joint health and keep your dog's skin and coat healthy, too.
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Training and Socialization
Training and socialization are crucial for a South African Mastiff puppy, as they can view new people and situations with suspicion due to their breeding as guardians.
Boerboels, a type of South African Mastiff, need a trainer who will consistently set boundaries and use positive reinforcement to help them thrive.
With patience and consistency, the intelligence of these dogs can help them excel in obedience and agility training.
Consistency is key when training a South African Mastiff puppy, as they can be wary of new things.
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Grooming and Maintenance
Boerboel puppies have a short, medium-shed coat that requires minimal grooming.
Weekly brushing is enough to reduce shedding and keep their coat healthy.
Their nails should be trimmed about once every two weeks to prevent overgrowth.
Their ears should be checked for debris and wax buildup weekly and cleaned as needed.
Regular brushing also helps prevent matting and tangling of their soft, dense undercoat.
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Bathing is only necessary once a month to keep their coat clean and shiny.
Boerboels can be shades of red, fawn, brown, brindle, or black, with some having spots of white on their coat.
Many Boerboels have dark markings around their eyes, mouths, and noses, and some have dark patches around their paws.
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Family and Living
The Boerboel is a loyal and loving companion, but they need to be raised in the right family who understands their needs.
They thrive in homes with a backyard where they can run around and play with their humans, but they can also be happy in apartments if their exercise needs are met.
Boerboels love people and don't like to be left alone, so they're perfect for families who spend most of their day at home.
They're intelligent and playful, making them great with children, but they do need to be socialized properly to live harmoniously with them.
Boerboels are natural protectors of their children and will adore them, but it's essential to teach children how to interact with animals safely.
They're not super active dogs, but they do need daily exercise, which can be achieved with long walks or playtime in a fenced backyard.
Boerboels can get along well with other pets in the home, especially if they're raised together, but early socialization and training are crucial.
Historically, Boerboels roamed huge farmlands in South Africa, so they can easily keep up with you on long hikes and even love to swim.
They can reach 200 pounds, so they require a lot of food and space, and won't do well in small apartments or homes without a fenced yard.
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Cost and Considerations
A South African Mastiff puppy can be a significant investment, with prices ranging from $1500 to $2000 for a puppy from a reputable breeder.
These high prices mean that there are fewer Boerboel rescues, as many potential owners are deterred by the cost.
You should always make sure you're buying from a reputable breeder to ensure you're getting a healthy puppy.
However, if this is out of your price range, you should consider checking your local shelter, where you might find a South African Mastiff waiting for its forever home.
Is the Aggressive?
The Boerboel is not aggressive, despite its intimidating size and powerful jaw. Often, these dogs may look aggressive because of their giant size, but really they are very friendly!
Boerboel puppies need to be socialized and trained properly from a young age so they learn that there are no threats. This helps them grow into confident and well-adjusted adult dogs.
These dogs love people and are very loyal, so you don't need to worry about them being aggressive.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Are Boerboels legal in the US?
Yes, Boerboels are generally legal in the US, but importation from countries with active rabies, such as South Africa, may be restricted. Check with the US Department of Agriculture for specific regulations and requirements.
How big can Boerboels get?
Boerboels typically stand between 22-27 inches tall and weigh between 150-200 pounds. Learn more about this breed's size and growth expectations.
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