
Judging dog shows requires a deep understanding of canine behavior and breed characteristics. A judge's role is to evaluate dogs based on their conformation, movement, and temperament.
To become a dog show judge, one must have extensive knowledge of dog breeds and their standards. This typically involves years of experience in dog breeding, handling, or showing.
Judges must also be familiar with the breed standards, which outline the ideal characteristics of each breed. For example, the American Kennel Club (AKC) breed standard for the German Shepherd breed emphasizes the importance of a dog's movement, describing it as "long, free and easy."
Judges evaluate dogs in a fair and impartial manner, taking into account their individual characteristics and breed standards.
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Judging Process
Judging a dog show is a thorough process that involves multiple steps. The judge will visually examine the dog from all angles to assess its overall appearance and movement.
The judge will also perform a hands-on examination, which allows them to feel for a dog's depth of chest, length of loin, structure of the dog's topline, coat condition, and overall body condition. This is especially helpful in evaluating the dog's underlying structure.
As part of the hands-on examination, the judge will check the dog's head, examining the bite, eyes, and overall shape or appearance. They'll also check for two testicles if the dog is a male.
The Hands-On Examination
The hands-on examination is a crucial part of the judging process. Most breeds have this examination, which allows the judge to get a closer look at the dog's anatomy.
Judges will run their hands along the dog's body to feel for depth of chest, length of loin, and structure of the topline. They'll also check the coat condition and overall body condition.
A judge will also examine the head of the dog, looking at the bite, eyes, and overall shape or appearance. If the dog is a male, the judge will check for two testicles.
The judge is not just looking for physical characteristics, but also how the dog reacts to their touch. They're watching for signs of shyness or reactivity.
Minor wiggles and movements are not counted against the dog. Ideally, a dog stands still and enjoys getting looked over by the judge.
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Write a Review
Writing a review is an essential part of the judging process. It's where you get to share your honest thoughts and opinions about a product, service, or experience.

To write a review, start by identifying the key strengths and weaknesses of what you're reviewing. This can be done by looking at the criteria used in the judging process, such as the product's features, performance, and value for money.
A good review should be informative, concise, and easy to read. It should also be free of personal biases and focus on the facts.
Show Dog Judges
Show dog judges are responsible for evaluating dogs in conformation shows, comparing them to the breed's idealized standards. They assess various body parts and attributes, including balance, weight, size, eyes, ears, head, muzzle, whiskers, teeth, tail, shoulders, legs, coat, and color.
To become a show dog judge, one must attend a breed-specific assessment and pass a multiple-choice breed standard exam, unless they have previously passed an exam or assessment. Breed clubs will make their own decisions regarding their lists of approved judges.
Judges use their hands to inspect a dog's body, including its bones and muscles, and assess its walk and attitude. Ideally, a dog stands still and enjoys getting looked over by the judge, without flinching or shying away.
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Some judges become well-known among dog show participants and breeders for their ability to recognize good examples of breeds. The reputations of judges like Theo Marples and his son J.W. Marples are examples of well-known judges.
To judge a breed, one must be level 4 for at least one breed under the Judges Education Programme (Breed Shows). This requires attending a breed appreciation day and passing a multiple-choice breed standard exam.
A license as a dog judge is usually granted by a breed association or kennel club, specifying the breeds over which the judge is qualified to officiate. A judge who is licensed to judge all breeds is often referred to as an "all-rounder".
Judging Requirements
To become a dog show judge, you'll need to meet certain requirements. These typically include a minimum of five years proven interest in pedigree dogs, as well as attending specific seminars and assessments.
To start, you'll need to attend a Conformation and Movement seminar hosted by a Kennel Club Accredited Trainer, and complete a minimum of two full-day stewarding appointments. You'll also need to pass the Points of a Dog assessment conducted by a Kennel Club Accredited Trainer.
To become a CC judge, you'll need to attend a breed seminar and pass an assessment for your first three CC breeds only. After that, you can register at level 2 for all breeds in that group, but you'll need to meet the level 3 requirements for each individual breed.
Here are the specific requirements to become a judge for breed shows:
- Attend a breed seminar
- Pass an assessment for your first three CC breeds only
- Register at level 2 for all breeds in that group
- Meet the level 3 requirements for each individual breed
Requirements to Meet This Level
To become a dog show judge, you'll need to meet the requirements set by The Kennel Club. To start, you'll need to attend a breed-specific assessment for the specific breed you're interested in judging, and pass it.
You'll also need to attend a breed appreciation day (BAD) and pass a multiple-choice examination (MCE) for the respective breed. This is a requirement for all breeds, not just the one you're interested in judging.
As you progress in your judging career, you'll need to meet specific requirements for each level. For example, to become a Level 5 judge, you'll need to have a minimum of five years proven interest in pedigree dogs.
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Here are the requirements to meet the Level 4 judge level:
- Attend a breed appreciation day (BAD) and pass a multiple-choice examination (MCE) for the respective breed.
- View ring stewarding seminar and take online quiz.
- Complete critique writing seminar and take online quiz.
Additionally, all judges must be level 4 for at least one breed under the Judges Education Programme (Breed Shows). This ensures that judges have a good understanding of the breed standard and can make informed decisions in the ring.
Show Dog Criteria
In a dog conformation show, judges don't just compare dogs to each other, they judge each dog against the breed's written standard.
Judges examine each dog's structure, movement, and temperament to form an impression of the dog's overall appearance.
A dog's structure is determined by its size, proportions, and general appearance, which is evaluated through a "stack" where the dog's front and back legs align with each other.
Judges assess a dog's physical characteristics, including balance, weight, size, eyes, ears, head, muzzle, whiskers, teeth, tail, shoulders, legs, coat, and color.
Here are the specific criteria used for judging show dogs:
Judges also assess a dog's walk (gait) and attitude, which can include characteristics like being cheerful or proud, depending on the breed.
Judges Education Programme (Breed Shows) FAQs
The Judges Education Programme (Breed Shows) is a structured approach to training judges, incorporating a step-by-step approach. This programme was designed taking into account feedback from exhibitors, show societies, and judges.
Judges resident in Northern Ireland who want to award Challenge Certificates (CCs) must activate their JEP account, but non-CC appointments can be approved without activation. They must choose the jurisdiction under which they wish to be considered, either The Kennel Club or the Irish Kennel Club.
Judges need to complete the criteria at each level of the Judges Education Programme before moving on to the next, with seminars undertaken prior to 1 January 2021 still being accepted for use. However, judges must complete the current level requirements before progressing.
Observation is an important part of the learning and development experience for a judge, where they are observed while in the act of judging to demonstrate sufficient ability in terms of knowledge of the breed being judged and ring manner.
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Judges must be level 4 for at least one breed under the Judges Education Programme (Breed Shows).
To be eligible to judge, you need to attend and pass a breed-specific assessment for the specific breed run by The Kennel Club, and also meet other requirements such as being eligible to judge up to three classes for any breed at limited or open shows.
Dog Show Mechanics
At a dog show, each dog is evaluated against the breed's written standard by a trained conformation judge.
The judge looks for a dog's overall appearance, temperament, and structure, and compares it to their mental image of the perfect dog.
The main consideration is how well each dog performs the function for which its breed was bred.
The judge carefully considers each dog's conformational strengths and weaknesses to determine which one most closely conforms to the breed standard.
Dog Show Mechanics
A dog show is all about evaluating dogs against their breed's written standard. The judge's mental image of the perfect dog is the benchmark.
The main consideration is the dog's overall appearance, temperament, and structure. This is what the judge is looking for in a dog.
Dogs are judged on structure, movement, and temperament in a conformation ring. These are the key areas that will determine the winner.
Handlers set up their dog's stance in a way that best highlights their structure, known as a "stack". This is a crucial moment in the judging process.
In a four-point stack, all four paws are square and the front legs and back legs align with each other. This style of stack is used to determine the dog's stationary profile.
An ideal stack allows a judge to easily examine the size, proportions, and general appearance of the dog. This is what a judge typically uses to form the ever-important "first impression" of each dog.
After the initial standstill, the judge will motion to the handlers to do a lap around the ring. This is where the dog's movement is evaluated.
The ideal movement is a trot, where the left legs come together and the right legs separate (and vice versa) as the dog moves forward.
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Awarding Ribbons and Points
At a dog show, judges carefully examine each dog to determine their placement according to the breed standard. The dog who places first in the class is the one that the judge felt came closest to the standard.
Judges give a final look-over to each dog before making their final decision. This thorough examination helps them accurately assess each dog's overall conformance to the breed standard.
The dog that receives the most points in a class is the one that the judge felt came closest to the standard.
Breed Standards
A breed standard is a description of what an ideal dog from that respective breed should look and act like. It's a written document that outlines the externally observable qualities of the breed, such as structure, movement, and temperament.
Each breed standard varies across countries and registries, but is ultimately governed by each breed club and their respective members. The primary purpose of breeding and showing purebred dogs is to preserve the breed as close to the written breed standard as possible.
Here are some of the key criteria used to judge show dogs against the breed standard:
What Is a Breed Standard?
A breed standard is a written description of what an ideal dog from a specific breed should look and act like. It's a set of guidelines that outlines the breed's externally observable qualities, such as structure, movement, and temperament.
Each breed standard varies across countries and registries, but is ultimately governed by each breed club and their members. The primary purpose of breeding and showing purebred dogs is to preserve the breed as close to the written breed standard as possible.
A breed standard describes various body parts and attributes, including balance, weight, size, eyes, ears, head, muzzle, whiskers, teeth, tail, shoulders, legs, coat, and color. These characteristics are used to ensure the quality and integrity of the breed is maintained or improved.
Here are some of the key characteristics that are typically included in a breed standard:
- Balance: overall appropriate proportions in size
- Weight
- Size
- Eyes: color, size, shape
- Ears: shape, length, position
- Head: shape
- Muzzle: shape, length
- Whiskers: thickness
- Teeth: kind of bite (e.g. level or scissors bites)
- Tail: how it arches and sets (e.g. how high or low)
- Shoulders: bone, muscle
- Legs: muscles, stance, proportionality
- Coat: texture, length
- Color: accepted breed colors
First Breed:
The first breed to be recognized was the Greyhound, which was bred over 2,000 years ago in ancient Egypt. They were highly valued for their speed and agility.
The Greyhound's origins can be traced back to the Egyptian pharaohs, who used them for hunting small game. They were often depicted in ancient artwork and literature.
Their speed was likely a result of their slender build and powerful muscles, which allowed them to reach speeds of up to 45 miles per hour. This made them well-suited for hunting large prey.
Purpose of Dog Shows
Dog shows were originally designed to identify the best breeding stock. This meant that the dogs that won would be used to produce puppies that were well-suited for their original purpose.
The original purpose of dog shows was to help farmers and herders by selecting dogs that were alert and physically capable. Herding breeds needed to be able to keep up with the demands of the job.
As time has progressed, many purebred dogs are no longer used for their original purpose. Instead, modern-day dog shows focus on preserving the "essence" of historical dog breeds.
Dog shows now help preserve the unique characteristics of each breed, even if they're no longer used for their original job.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Why do judges look at dogs teeth in dog shows?
Judges examine a dog's teeth in dog shows because dental structure is a crucial characteristic in many breeds, often explicitly described in breed standards. A dog's bite and tooth count can be just as important as its overall appearance in determining breed accuracy.
How to read a dog show judging schedule?
Judging typically takes 2 minutes per dog, so plan to start approximately 40 minutes after the listed ring time for each 20 dogs shown before your breed
What makes a good dog judge?
A good dog judge develops an expert eye through extensive experience, particularly when judging multiple breeds. This expertise grows over time, allowing them to quickly assess a dog's characteristics.
How are dogs chosen for dog show?
Judges select dog show winners based on their opinion of how well each dog meets the breed standard. Performance on the day of the show is also a key factor, as dogs can have good or bad days like any athlete.
How do they choose best in show dog?
Judges select the best in show dog by evaluating which dog best matches its breed's ideal standard, considering factors like physical proportions and characteristics suited to its purpose. This careful evaluation helps identify the dog that perfectly embodies its breed's unique traits.
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